Narrative Text
Narrative text is a text which
contains about story (fiction/non fiction/tales/folktales/fables/myths/epic)
and its plot consists of climax of the story (complication) then followed by
the resolution.
A
narrative text is a text amuse, entertain and deal with actual or vicarious
experience in different ways. Narrative deal with problematic events which lead
to a crisis or turning point of some kind, which in turn finds a resolution.
The narrative text short story is
telling of a story or an account of a sequence of events. One of the four
traditional forms of composition (along with description, exposition, and
persuasion). Narration differs from exposition, which can also relate a
sequence of events, in that narration need not be factual and may be written
from the perspective of a character in the text.
The generic sctucture of a narrative text:
1. Orientation: Sets the scene and introduces the participants.
2. Complication: A crisis arises
3. Resolution: The crisis is resolved, for the better or for worse.
4. Re-orientation: Optinal
5. Evaluation: A stepping back to evaluate the plight
1. Orientation: Sets the scene and introduces the participants.
2. Complication: A crisis arises
3. Resolution: The crisis is resolved, for the better or for worse.
4. Re-orientation: Optinal
5. Evaluation: A stepping back to evaluate the plight
GOLDEN EGGS
Long time ago a remote village, in
central China was inhabited mainly with farmers and hunters. One day, a poor
farmer lost his entire livestock to flood. He prayed hard to God for help or
his family would die of starvation.
Few days later, an old man with long
grey beard, passed by his house took pity on him. He gave him a goose and said
“ I don’t have any expensive thing to give you and hope this goose will help
you to ease your hardship.”
A week later to almost surprise the
farmer found and egg in his yard. This was no ordinary egg. It was a golden
egg. He was suddenly overcome with joy.
Thereafter, his livelihood had
rapidly improved but the farmer had forgotten his earlier hardship. He became
lazy, arrogant and spendthrift.
Strangely, the goose only laid one
golden egg every six months. The greedy farmer lost his patient and slaughtered
his goose thinking there were plenty of golden eggs inside its stomach.
Though he very much regretted for his foolishness, it’s already too late.
Though he very much regretted for his foolishness, it’s already too late.
The
Purse of Gold
A beggar found a leather purse that
someone had dropped in a market place. Opening it, he discovered that it
contained 100 pieces of gold. Then he heard a merchant shouted, "A reward!
A reaward to the one who find my leather purse!"
Being an honest man, the beggar came
forward and handed the purse to the merchant saying, "Here is your purse.
Will you keep your word to give a reward now?"
"Reward?" scoffed the
merchant greedily counting the amount of gold. "The purse I dropped had
200 pieces of gold in it. You've already stolen more than the reward I'll give
to you.! Go away or I'll tell you to the police."
"I'm an honest man," said
the beggar defiantly. "Let's take this matter to the court!" In the
court, the judge patiently listened to both sides of the story and said,
"I believe you both. Justice is possible! Merchant, you stated that the
purse you lost contained 200 pieces of gold. Well, that's a considerable cost.
But the purse the beggar found had only 100 pieces of gold. Therefore, it
couldn't be the one you lost."
The Old Woman and The Sparrow
Once upon a time, there lived a kind
hearted man and his wife. One morning, his wife found a poor little sparrow.
She took it gently and fed it. To show its gratitude, the sparrow stayed with
them and sang every morning. But there was an ill-tempered old woman who didn't
like the sparrow. She cut the sparrow's tongue. That's why the bird flew away
to its previous nest.
Knowing that their sparrow flew
away, the kind man and his wife looked for the sparrow. They walked a long way,
crossed the bridges, climbed the mountains and passed the woods.
At last, they could find the
sparrow's nest. The sparrow welcomed them and provided a feast for them. Before
they went home, the sparrow brought two baskets; one was large and looked
heavy, and the other one was small and light. The sparrow asked them to choose
only one. They chose the small and that was the best choice. There were many
rolls of silk and piles of gold in it.
Being jealous, the ill-tempered old
woman did the same thing as the kind man and his wife did. She chose the big
basket which actually contained wasps and venomous crawlers, such as scorpions,
centipedes, and other horrible creatures. Finally, aaathey stung and bit her to
death.
Silent
Love
Once, there was a couple who love
very much each other. From the very Begining, the girl's family objected
strongly on her dating this guy. Saying that it has got to do with family
background & that the girl will have to suffer for the rest of her life
if she were to be with him.
Due to family's pressure, the
couple quarrel very often. Though the girl love the guy deeply, but she
always ask him: "How deep is your love for me?"
As the guy is not good with his
words, this often cause the girl to be very upset. With that & the
family's pressure, the girl often vent her anger on him. As for him, he only
endure it in silence.
After a couple of years, the guy
finally graduated & decided to further his studies in overseas. Before
leaving, he proposed to the girl: "I'm not very good with words. But all
I know is that I love you. If you allow me, I will take care of you for the
rest of my life. As for your family, I'll try my best to talk them round.
Will you marry me?"
The girl agreed, & with the
guy's determination, the family finally gave in & agreed to let them get
married. So before he leave, they got engaged.
The girl went out to the working
society, whereas the guy was overseas, continuing his studies. They sent
their love through emails & phone calls. Though it's hard, but both never
thought of giving up.
One day, while the girl was on her
way to work, she was knocked down by a car that lost control. When she woke
up, she saw her parents beside her bed. She realised that she was badly
injured. Seeing her mum crying, she wanted to comfort her. But she realized
that all that could come out of her mouth was just a sigh. She has lost her
voice......
The doctors says that the impact
on her brain has caused her to lose her voice. Listening to her parents'
comfort, but with nothing coming out from her, she broke down.
During the stay in hospital,
besides silence cry,.....it's still just silence cry that companied her. Upon
reaching home, everything seems to be the same. Except for the ringing tone
of the phone. Which pierced into her heart everytime it rang. She does not
wish to let the guy know. & not wanting to be a burden to him, she wrote
a letter to him saying that she does not wish to wait any longer.
With that, she sent the ring back
to him. In return, the guy sent millions & millions of reply, and
countless of phonecalls,.. all the girl could do, besides crying, is still
crying....
The parents decided to move away,
hoping that she could eventually forget everything & be happy.
With a new environment, the girl
learn sign language & started a new life. Telling herself everyday that
she must forget the guy. One day, her friend came & told her that he's
back. She asked her friend not to let him know what happened to her. Since
then, there wasn't anymore news of him.
A year has passed & her friend
came with an envelope, containing an invitation card for the guy's wedding.
The girl was shattered. When she open the letter, she saw her name in it
instead.
When she was about to ask her
friend what's going on, she saw the guy standing in front of her. He used
sign language telling her "I've spent a year's time to learn sign
language. Just to let you know that I've not forgotten our promise. Let me
have the chance to be your voice. I Love You. With that, he slipped the ring
back into her finger. The girl finally smiled.
Momotaro
Once upon a time, there lived in
Japan a peasant and his wife. They were sad couple because they had no
children. They kept praying to their god pleading to give them a child.
While cutting wood by a stream one
day, the man saw a large peach floating on the water. He ran to pick it up. His
wife was excited because she had never seen such a large peach before. They
were about to cut the peach when they heard a voice from inside.
The couples were surprised to do
anything. The peach then cracked open, and there was a beautiful baby inside.
The couples were very happy, of course. They named the baby Momotaro, which
meant ‘peach boy’.
Momotaro grew up to be clever,
courage young man. His parents loved him very much.
One day, Momotaro told his parents
hat he was going to fight the pirates who always attacked their village.
These pirates lived on an island a few kilometers away. Momotaro’s mother
packed his food, and his father gave him a sword. Having blessed Momotaro,
they sent him off on his journey.
Sailing on his boat, Momotaro met
an eagle going in the same direction. They became good friends; soon, both of
them arrived on the island of the pirates.
Momotaro drew out the sacred sword
his father had given him and began to fight the pirates. The eagle flew over
the thieves’ heads, pecking at their eyes. Finally, the pirates were
defeated.
Momotaro brought home all the
goods that pirates had stolen. His parents were proud of him, and they were
overjoyed at his victory and save return.
DESCRIPTIVE TEXT
Descriptive writing or text is
usually also used to help writer develop an aspect of their work, e.g. to
create a particular mood, atmosphere or describe a place so that the reader
can create vivid pictures of characters, places, objects etc. To complete our
intention to, here are the characteristics based on descriptive writing or
text, below;
As a feature, description is a
style of writing which can be useful for other variety of purposes as:
While in language function,
descriptive writing;
Beyond the characteristics stated
on, descriptive writing also consists of generic structure in range as:
The description text has dominant
language features as follows:
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Prambanan Temple
Prambanan is the
largest Hindu temple compound in Central Java in Indonesia, located
approximately 18 km east of Yogyakarta.
The temple is a UNESCO
World Heritage Site and is one of the largest Hindu temples in south-east Asia.
It is characterised by its tall and pointed architecture, typical of Hindu
temple architecture, and by the 47m high central building inside a large
complex of individual temples.
It was built around 850 CE by either Rakai
Pikatan, king of the second Mataram dynasty, or Balitung Maha Sambu, during the
Sanjaya Dynasty. Not long after its construction, the temple was abandoned and
began to deteriorate. Reconstruction of the compound began in 1918. The main
building was completed in around 1953. Much of the original stonework has been
stolen and reused at remote construction sites. A temple will only be rebuilt
if at least 75% of the original stones are available, and therefore only the
foundation walls of most of the smaller shrines are now visible and with no
plans for their reconstruction.The temple was damaged during the earthquake in Java in 2006. Early photos suggest that although the complex appears to be structurally intact, damage is significant. Large pieces of debris, including carvings, were scattered over the ground. The temple has been closed to the public until damage can be fully assessed. The head of Yogyakarta Archaeological Conservation Agency stated that: “it will take months to identify the precise damage”. However, some weeks later in 2006 the site re-opened for visitors. The immediate surroundings of the Hindu temples remain off-limits for safety reasons.
Do you know Easter Island? Well,
Easter Island is in the South Pacific, 3,700 kilometres from the coast of
Chile. On the island, there are 600 large statues. We don’t know who built them
but they were probably constructed between 1150 and 1500. We don’t really know
why they are there, The Easter Island.
Norwegian explorer, Thor Heyerdahl, believed that they were built by people from South America. To prove this, he made a simple raft and sailed there, all the way from Peru.
Archaeologists think that the statues represent dead tribal leaders. We don’t know why the statues left alone on the island. Perhaps they were killed by disease or war. Perhaps the builders used all the natural resources on the island. There are many unanswered questions about Easter Island.
Norwegian explorer, Thor Heyerdahl, believed that they were built by people from South America. To prove this, he made a simple raft and sailed there, all the way from Peru.
Archaeologists think that the statues represent dead tribal leaders. We don’t know why the statues left alone on the island. Perhaps they were killed by disease or war. Perhaps the builders used all the natural resources on the island. There are many unanswered questions about Easter Island.
What am I?
I inhabit a small area
in south-western Western Australia. My species was quite widespread in
Australia before European settlement but now we are endangered.
I prefer areas of open woodland. I forage for my food in the mornings and afternoons. At night I sleep in hollow logs or under fallen timber.
My body is about 25 centimeters long. My bushy tail is nearly as long as my body. I am covered in a reddish-brown coat with white stripes. My front legs are shorter then my back legs and I have small claws.
My ears are short but my snout is long I have a very long, sticky tongue for eating termites I can eat over 10000 termites in one day.
I am a marsupial mammal. What animal am I?
I prefer areas of open woodland. I forage for my food in the mornings and afternoons. At night I sleep in hollow logs or under fallen timber.
My body is about 25 centimeters long. My bushy tail is nearly as long as my body. I am covered in a reddish-brown coat with white stripes. My front legs are shorter then my back legs and I have small claws.
My ears are short but my snout is long I have a very long, sticky tongue for eating termites I can eat over 10000 termites in one day.
I am a marsupial mammal. What animal am I?
Singapore
Singapore,
yes it is a famous country. Have you ever visited Singapore? Well, if you
haven’t, let me tell you about Singapore. Singapore is an island city. Its
population is about three millions people. Most Singaporeans live in high-rise
apartments.
Singapore is a beautiful city with lots of parks and open spaces. It is also a very clean city. You know, the business district is very modern, with lots of tall and new buildings.
Now, let me tell you about the old section of the city. In Chinatown, there are rows of old shop houses. The government buildings in Singapore are also very unique and antique. They date from the British colonial days.
Shopping! Wow, this is the part that I like very much! Singapore is famous for its many good shopping centers. Most of the goods are duty free. It’s a heaven for shoppers!
What about food? Uhmm ..yummy..yummy. It’s delicious. Singapore’s restaurants provide Chinese, Indian, Malay, and European food, and the prices are quite reasonable. I bet you’ll like it.
Well, since Singapore lies near the equatorial line, of course, it has a tropical climate, with a nice weather in both dry and rainy season.
Singapore is a beautiful city with lots of parks and open spaces. It is also a very clean city. You know, the business district is very modern, with lots of tall and new buildings.
Now, let me tell you about the old section of the city. In Chinatown, there are rows of old shop houses. The government buildings in Singapore are also very unique and antique. They date from the British colonial days.
Shopping! Wow, this is the part that I like very much! Singapore is famous for its many good shopping centers. Most of the goods are duty free. It’s a heaven for shoppers!
What about food? Uhmm ..yummy..yummy. It’s delicious. Singapore’s restaurants provide Chinese, Indian, Malay, and European food, and the prices are quite reasonable. I bet you’ll like it.
Well, since Singapore lies near the equatorial line, of course, it has a tropical climate, with a nice weather in both dry and rainy season.
Recount Text
Purpose: to retell something that happened in thepast and to tell a series
of pastevent.Generic structure:
1.Orientation
2.Event
3.Reorientation
Get Lost
Samantha
was walking home from work one day last month when she saw a man who was trying
to break into a car. She asked him what he was doing and he told her to
"Get lost" Samantha quickly ran to a nearby shop and asked the owner
to call the police, which he did immediately. When she went outside again, she
saw that both the thief and the car had gone.
About ten minutes later , a police
car stopped outside the shop. A policewoman got out and asked Samantha some
questions about the incident. She asked her to give a description for the car
and the thief. Samantha said that the car was a dark blue Ford focus with the
registration number TR03 RMN8. She said that it had a large scratch on the
right hand side. She described the mas as tall with short dark hair. She said
that he was slim, looked about twenty five years old and was wearing a blue
denim jacket and black jeans. The policewoman wrote down everything in a
notebook. Samantha felt a little shaken, but was glad to be able to help.
A few days later she found that the
thief had been caught in Newcastle and that the car had been returned to its
owner undamaged.
When
I was Kid
|When
I was a kid, I liked swimming very much. Each year my two brothers and I spent
the holiday with our uncle and aunt in their house by the sea. it was only
twenty yards from the water. the water was warm the sun shone brightly and most
days there were no waves. in the middle of the day a wind always began to blow,
but it was not strong and did not make the sea rough.
One day we put on our swimming
shorts before breakfast. Then we ran down to the sea across the sand and jumped
in. we were in the sea or on the beach until late at night. when our aunt rang
a bell. we went back to the house for food, but we are in our swimming shorts
and soon went back in the see again. We dived through the waves or rode towards
the beach on top of them until we were tired and hungry.
A
British Couple
A British couple Emrna Nunn and her boyfriend
Roaul Sebastian were on the way to a three week holiday in Australia. It's
surprising that they did not realize something was wrong when they landed at
Halifax, Nova Scotia in Canada, and were transferred to a 25-seater plane for
the last part of their journey.
But 19 year old Miss Nunn was only
slightly worried " I don't like flying and I said I was surprised to see a
small plane like that going all the way to Sidney, Australia" she said.
" On the plane, they gace us immigration forms asking how long we planned
to stay in Canada. I told the stewardess we would only be there a couple of
hours and she said, "fine, write two hours"
The couple were not concerned when
they realized that their flight time from Britain was just nine hours 30
minutes instead of 22 hours.
So it was not until they landed at
Sidney on Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia- a town with a population of 26,000
thaty they finally realized that they probably would not be able to use their
Australian dollars as the local bar.
While their friends were waiting for
them at Australia's Sydney airport, the couple who had booked their Air Canada
tickets on the Internet landed on the opposite of the world.
Waterfall
Last
week I went to see a waterfall with five of my classmates. We went there early
morning by bus. At 6.30 we all had gathered at the bus stop waiting for the bus
that would take us to our destination. Only ten minutes later the bus was
coming and it was almost fully seated since it was a holiday. Luckily we all
got the seats.
During our journey we enjoyed enchanting scenery. Many big trees grew in left and right sides of the road. Everything looked so green and fresh. The weather looked so fine. We could early see the green hills and the sun which was coming out behind the hills.
Two hours later the journey ended. My friends and i straightly went out of the bus and walked to the waterfall resort. It took fifteen minutes to reach the resort. To see. Waterfall, all visitors have to walk through many steps which are quite slippery because of the dew.
Arriving down we saw a beautiful waterfall flowing down/ the water so clear and fresh. We enjoyed playing splashing water and surely we got wet.
During our journey we enjoyed enchanting scenery. Many big trees grew in left and right sides of the road. Everything looked so green and fresh. The weather looked so fine. We could early see the green hills and the sun which was coming out behind the hills.
Two hours later the journey ended. My friends and i straightly went out of the bus and walked to the waterfall resort. It took fifteen minutes to reach the resort. To see. Waterfall, all visitors have to walk through many steps which are quite slippery because of the dew.
Arriving down we saw a beautiful waterfall flowing down/ the water so clear and fresh. We enjoyed playing splashing water and surely we got wet.
Sangiran
Museum
Last monthe my family and I visited Sangiran
museum, one of the historical sites in Indoneisa. It is located in the north of
Surakarta. We went there by car. On the way to Sangiran Museum we saw many
notices showing the sites of fossil discoveries. The visitors could also see
the view around the sites from the tower on the top of a hill. A long the road,
there are many souvenir shops. They mostly provide unique and antique souvenirs
made of stones.
Arriving at the gateway of the
Sangiran Museum, we bought entrance tickets and parked the car. Then, we walked
to the museum. There are two main buildings which are connected by a small long
corridor.
In the first building, we saw many
fossils dealing with prehistoric men. There we could learn Darwin's theory of
evolution and see the miniaturs of humans evolution according to Darwin
theory. We could also see the equipment used by prehistoric men to live and
search food. Besides, we also saw a diorama showing miniatures of prehistoric
men and their living. We could take photographs on the miniatures, but we were
not allowed to touch them. In that place we felt as if we lived in prehistoric
ages.
After that we went to next building
through the corridor. the museum is located in a high area. Therefore we could
see the view of the valley below the museum from the corridor.
Finally we reached the second
building. In the building we could see many animals fossils. such as the
fossils of a very big elephants tusk, a crocodile's jaw, some other animals
skeleton and many more. We could also see a map showing the sites of fossils
discoveries.
Report Text
Definition of Report
Report is a text which presents information about something, as it is. It is as a result of systematic observation and analysis
Generic Structure of Report
1. General classification: Stating classification of general aspect of thing; animal, public place, plant, etc which will be discussed in general
2. Description: Describing the thing which will be discussed in detail; part per part , customs or deed for living creature and usage for materials
Language Feature of Report
• Introducing group or general aspect
• Using conditional logical connection; when, so, etc
• Using simple present tense
Report is a text which presents information about something, as it is. It is as a result of systematic observation and analysis
Generic Structure of Report
1. General classification: Stating classification of general aspect of thing; animal, public place, plant, etc which will be discussed in general
2. Description: Describing the thing which will be discussed in detail; part per part , customs or deed for living creature and usage for materials
Language Feature of Report
• Introducing group or general aspect
• Using conditional logical connection; when, so, etc
• Using simple present tense
Platypus
Many people call
platypus duckbill because this animal has a bill like duckbill. Platypus is a
native Tasmania and southern and eastern Australia.
Platypus has a flat tail and webbed feet. Its body length is 30 to 45 cm and covered with a thick, and woolly layer of fur. Its bill is detecting prey and stirring up mud. Platypus' eyes and head are small. It has no ears but has ability to sense sound and light.
Platypus lives in streams, rivers, and lakes. Female platypus usually dig burrows in the streams or river banks. The burrows are blocked with soil to protect it from intruders and flooding. In the other hand, male platypus does not need any burrow to stay.
Analyzing on the Text
Generic Structure analysis
General classification; stating general classification, the animal of platypus.
Description; describing in detail characterization of platypus' body and habitual life
Language Feature Analysis
Focusing in group; the animal of platypus
conditional, logical connective; but, in the other hand
Simple present tense pattern; Platypus lives in streams, male platypus does not need any burrow, etc
Platypus has a flat tail and webbed feet. Its body length is 30 to 45 cm and covered with a thick, and woolly layer of fur. Its bill is detecting prey and stirring up mud. Platypus' eyes and head are small. It has no ears but has ability to sense sound and light.
Platypus lives in streams, rivers, and lakes. Female platypus usually dig burrows in the streams or river banks. The burrows are blocked with soil to protect it from intruders and flooding. In the other hand, male platypus does not need any burrow to stay.
Analyzing on the Text
Generic Structure analysis
General classification; stating general classification, the animal of platypus.
Description; describing in detail characterization of platypus' body and habitual life
Language Feature Analysis
Focusing in group; the animal of platypus
conditional, logical connective; but, in the other hand
Simple present tense pattern; Platypus lives in streams, male platypus does not need any burrow, etc
Types of Volcanic Eruptions
Volcanic eruptions have caused some of the worst disasters in the world. They can wipe out entire cities and kill thousands of people.
The name of volcano comes from Roman term. It derives from VULCAN which is the name of Roman fire god. Romans believed that Vulcan lived on a volcanic Italian coast. Romans called the island VULCANO.
According to scientists, volcanic eruptions are divided in to four basic groups. They are commonly known as Hawaiian, Strombolian, Vulcanian and Peleean. The term of Hawaiian eruptions are named after the volcanoes in Hawaii. These volcanic eruptions are the least violent type. They produce highly fluid lava which flows quietly. This gradually builds up a shield volcano.
Strombolian eruptions are named after Stromboli. These result from the constant release of gas from the magma. As the gas escapes, it produces tephra that piles up, turning into a cinder cone. Strombolian eruptions happen when sticky magma plugs the central vent. This makes the magmatic gas build up pressure until it blasts. The magma is turned into volcanic dust and bombs.
Vulcanian eruption which comes from the ancient Roman belief, are more violent than the strombolian eruption. Vulcanian eruption happens and brings magma which is more viscous. Vulcanian explosions are usually larger and noisier than the Strombolian eruptions.
Paleean eruptions are famous as the most violent kind of volcanic eruptions. The name of paleean comes from the eruption of Mount Pelee, Martinique in 1902. It killed almost 38 thousands people. A Peleean eruption occurs when the magmatic gas build up tremendous pressure. This causes violent explosions with glowing clouds of hot ash and dust.
Volcanic eruptions have caused some of the worst disasters in the world. They can wipe out entire cities and kill thousands of people.
The name of volcano comes from Roman term. It derives from VULCAN which is the name of Roman fire god. Romans believed that Vulcan lived on a volcanic Italian coast. Romans called the island VULCANO.
According to scientists, volcanic eruptions are divided in to four basic groups. They are commonly known as Hawaiian, Strombolian, Vulcanian and Peleean. The term of Hawaiian eruptions are named after the volcanoes in Hawaii. These volcanic eruptions are the least violent type. They produce highly fluid lava which flows quietly. This gradually builds up a shield volcano.
Strombolian eruptions are named after Stromboli. These result from the constant release of gas from the magma. As the gas escapes, it produces tephra that piles up, turning into a cinder cone. Strombolian eruptions happen when sticky magma plugs the central vent. This makes the magmatic gas build up pressure until it blasts. The magma is turned into volcanic dust and bombs.
Vulcanian eruption which comes from the ancient Roman belief, are more violent than the strombolian eruption. Vulcanian eruption happens and brings magma which is more viscous. Vulcanian explosions are usually larger and noisier than the Strombolian eruptions.
Paleean eruptions are famous as the most violent kind of volcanic eruptions. The name of paleean comes from the eruption of Mount Pelee, Martinique in 1902. It killed almost 38 thousands people. A Peleean eruption occurs when the magmatic gas build up tremendous pressure. This causes violent explosions with glowing clouds of hot ash and dust.
Human
Energy Body
Human body is actually a living
machine and is like all other machines. This living machine needs fuel to
supply it with energy. The fuel is provided by the food which we eat. However
do we know how much we need to stay healthy?
The energy value of food is usually measured in calories. A calorie is the amount of heat which is required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1 degree C. The number of calories which people need per day varies. It depends on the activity which the people are involved in. For example; people will need more calories for standing than for sitting, people need more for running than for walking, etc.
The energy which is provided by food is in the form of three kinds of chemical substances. They are carbohydrate, protein and fat. Carbohydrate provides 8.8 calories per gram (cal/gm) of energy, protein 4.0 cal/gm and fat 8.0 cal/gm. Each food contains different proportion of these substances.These three chemical substances are all important for body staying healthy.
Report Text Notes
Report often starts discussion with brief definition or classification about the thing discussed. The first paragraph matches with the brief definition of body energy.
After brief definition or classification paragraph, report text is commonly followed by the important fact about the topic. The second and third paragraphs tell the important information about the body energy; how it comes from and what form it is available.
Report text is commonly featuring technical or scientific term. Calories, carbohydrate, protein, fat etc are some of the example.
The energy value of food is usually measured in calories. A calorie is the amount of heat which is required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1 degree C. The number of calories which people need per day varies. It depends on the activity which the people are involved in. For example; people will need more calories for standing than for sitting, people need more for running than for walking, etc.
The energy which is provided by food is in the form of three kinds of chemical substances. They are carbohydrate, protein and fat. Carbohydrate provides 8.8 calories per gram (cal/gm) of energy, protein 4.0 cal/gm and fat 8.0 cal/gm. Each food contains different proportion of these substances.These three chemical substances are all important for body staying healthy.
Report Text Notes
Report often starts discussion with brief definition or classification about the thing discussed. The first paragraph matches with the brief definition of body energy.
After brief definition or classification paragraph, report text is commonly followed by the important fact about the topic. The second and third paragraphs tell the important information about the body energy; how it comes from and what form it is available.
Report text is commonly featuring technical or scientific term. Calories, carbohydrate, protein, fat etc are some of the example.
What is a tornado?
Tornadoes are known as one of the most damaging disasters. What is the description of tornadoes? A tornado is a very powerful column of winds which spirals around a center of low atmospheric pressure. A tornado will look like a large black funnel which hangs down from a storm cloud.
The name "tornado" derives from the Latin "tonare". It means "to thunder." While the Spanish developed the word into "tornear" which means "to turn or twist". This is why a tornado is sometimes called twister or cyclone.
The winds inside a twister can spin around at speeds up to 500 miles an hour, but it usually travels at roughly 300 miles an hour. This speed twisting makes a tornado the most dangerous storm.
The average tornado has a diameter of about 200 to 300 yards. The smaller tornadoes are known as satellite tornadoes. These small offspring, about 50 yards across, can be very fierce and do lots of damage.
The forming of a tornado can be very quick. Sometimes it can form in a minute or less. A tornado can travel across the ground at high speeds, then it can suddenly vanish. Most tornadoes last less than twenty minutes and travel less than 15 miles. However, the super storms sometimes travel over 100 miles before they are exhausted.
Tornadoes are known as one of the most damaging disasters. What is the description of tornadoes? A tornado is a very powerful column of winds which spirals around a center of low atmospheric pressure. A tornado will look like a large black funnel which hangs down from a storm cloud.
The name "tornado" derives from the Latin "tonare". It means "to thunder." While the Spanish developed the word into "tornear" which means "to turn or twist". This is why a tornado is sometimes called twister or cyclone.
The winds inside a twister can spin around at speeds up to 500 miles an hour, but it usually travels at roughly 300 miles an hour. This speed twisting makes a tornado the most dangerous storm.
The average tornado has a diameter of about 200 to 300 yards. The smaller tornadoes are known as satellite tornadoes. These small offspring, about 50 yards across, can be very fierce and do lots of damage.
The forming of a tornado can be very quick. Sometimes it can form in a minute or less. A tornado can travel across the ground at high speeds, then it can suddenly vanish. Most tornadoes last less than twenty minutes and travel less than 15 miles. However, the super storms sometimes travel over 100 miles before they are exhausted.
Explanation Text
Text types is generalized in
two kinds; fiction and no-fiction. Fiction will be close relating to literature
while non-fiction is deal more in technical usage of daily life.
Browsing over the Internet, I find a very useful source to learn text types in non-fiction summary. They are:
1. Report text, this kind of text is to describe the way things are, give detail description as they are
2. Procedure, this instructional text is to instruct or describe how to make something or how something is done through a series of sequenced steps or phases.
3. Recount, this text tries to retell events. Commonly the events happened in the past
4. Explanation, this kind of text surely explains the process involved in nature and how something works. Explanation text is composed a lot in natural phenomena.
5. Persuasion, as its word root, persuasive text tries to argue the case for a point of view and in higher point it makes to convince and persuade readers. Persuasion text is studied in two types; analytical exposition and hortatory text.
6. Discussion, a type of text which present argument and information from different points of view. Generally discussion text is accomplished with a recommendation
7. The other types of non-fiction text such as Internet material, leaflet, interview, diary, journalistic writing, biography and autobiography can be seen at lancsngfl.ac.uk
Browsing over the Internet, I find a very useful source to learn text types in non-fiction summary. They are:
1. Report text, this kind of text is to describe the way things are, give detail description as they are
2. Procedure, this instructional text is to instruct or describe how to make something or how something is done through a series of sequenced steps or phases.
3. Recount, this text tries to retell events. Commonly the events happened in the past
4. Explanation, this kind of text surely explains the process involved in nature and how something works. Explanation text is composed a lot in natural phenomena.
5. Persuasion, as its word root, persuasive text tries to argue the case for a point of view and in higher point it makes to convince and persuade readers. Persuasion text is studied in two types; analytical exposition and hortatory text.
6. Discussion, a type of text which present argument and information from different points of view. Generally discussion text is accomplished with a recommendation
7. The other types of non-fiction text such as Internet material, leaflet, interview, diary, journalistic writing, biography and autobiography can be seen at lancsngfl.ac.uk
How Venus Eclipse Happens
On May 16, 2010, people in most regions in the world have seen a very rare natural phenomenon. It was Venus eclipse. It was very rare amazing natural event. It was reported that the Venus eclipse will seen again in the future in 2050. Do you know how this rare Venus eclipse happens?
Well, actually Venus eclipse is like Sun eclipse. Venus eclipses occurs when the position of the earth, moon and Venus is parallel. Venus planet will slowly disappear for a moment because it is covered the surface of the Moon. Venus planet seems to move to the back side of the Moon.
The moon and planets are sharing a similar apparent path in the sky. That is why, it is not unusual for the moon to appear to pass close to Venus. In fact, the moon appears somewhere near it about once a month. However, most people don’t see these events because they are visible in the evening sky only half the time, and then only for a short period after sunset. The apparent closeness varies from month to month as well.
How does Rain Happen?
Rain is the primary source of fresh water for most areas of the world, providing suitable conditions for diverse ecosystems, as well as water for hydroelectric power plants and crop irrigation.
The phenomenon of rain is actually a water circle. The concept of the water cycle involves the sun heating the Earth's surface water and causing the surface water to evaporate. The water vapor rises into the Earth's atmosphere. The water in the atmosphere cools and condenses into liquid droplets. The droplets grow until they are heavy and fall to the earth as precipitation which can be in the form of rain or snow.
However, not all rain reaches the surface. Some evaporates while falling through dry air. This is called virga, a phenomenon which is often seen in hot, dry desert regions.
Why is Bali Famous for Tourism Object?
One of the famous tourism spots in Indonesia is Bali island. Bali lays at the part east of Java. Thousand domestic and foreign tourists visit Bali each month. Do you know why Bali island is so famous?
A lot of tourists like fresh natural environment. If that what they want, Bali is the best choice to visit. Bali has beautiful landscape dominated with green luxurious terrace fields. Moreover Bali give fantastic view; beautiful sunrise in Sanur and fascinating sunset in Kuta beach.
Beside the beautiful beach and panorama, domestic and foreign tourists also enjoy the balinese local genius arts such as; dances, puras, and temples. Most of these objects are amazing.
Like many other tourism objects, Bali also provide souvenir center which they can take home. Most balinese people are artists. They spend their time to apply skill and imagination through painting, carving dancing.
What make them more exposed is that most of them are English speaking people. That is why Bali is well-known all over the wold.
One of the famous tourism spots in Indonesia is Bali island. Bali lays at the part east of Java. Thousand domestic and foreign tourists visit Bali each month. Do you know why Bali island is so famous?
A lot of tourists like fresh natural environment. If that what they want, Bali is the best choice to visit. Bali has beautiful landscape dominated with green luxurious terrace fields. Moreover Bali give fantastic view; beautiful sunrise in Sanur and fascinating sunset in Kuta beach.
Beside the beautiful beach and panorama, domestic and foreign tourists also enjoy the balinese local genius arts such as; dances, puras, and temples. Most of these objects are amazing.
Like many other tourism objects, Bali also provide souvenir center which they can take home. Most balinese people are artists. They spend their time to apply skill and imagination through painting, carving dancing.
What make them more exposed is that most of them are English speaking people. That is why Bali is well-known all over the wold.
How chocolate is
made??
Have we wondered how we get
chocolate from? Well this time we will enter the amazing world of chocolate so
we can understand exactly we are eating.
Chocolate
starts a tree called cacao tree. This tree grows in equatorial regions,
especially in place such as South America, Africa, and Indonesia. The cacao
tree produces a fruit about the size of a small pine apple. In side the fruits
are the tree's seeds. They are also known as coco beans.
Next,
the beans are fermented for about a week, dried in the sun. After that they are
shipped to the chocolate maker. The chocolate maker starts by roasting the
beans to bring out the flavour. Different beans from different places have
different qualities and flavour. So they are often shorted and blended to
produce a distinctive mix.
The
next process is winnowing. The roasted beans are winnowed to remove the meat
nib of the cacao bean from its shell. Then the nibs are blended. The blended
nibs are ground to make it a liquid. The liquid is called chocolate liquor. It
tastes bitter.
All
seeds contain some amount of fat and cacao beans are not different. However,
cacao beans are half fat, which is why the ground nibs from liquid. It is pure
bitter chocolate.
Note
on the generic structure of this explanation sample.
Every
text genre has its special purpose or social function. However if we see the
generic structure point, we will get the understanding which both the
explanation and procedure text have similar purposes. Both explain how to make
or form something. However the procedure text will explain how to form or make
something completely by instruction way. That is why most of procedure text is
composed in command sentences. In the other hand, explanation text will show a
knowledge about how thing is formed.
How fuel warning light
Many cars,
motorcycles and other modern vehicles have fuel warning light devices. the
warning light is usually red which switches on automatically when the level of
fuel in the tank is very low. The warning light gives the driver information
about the amount of petrol in the tank. When the light switches on red, it
tells the driver that the petrol in the tank is almost empty. Therefore he have
to put more fuel into the tank. However do you know how the fuel warning works?
Well this is the way the fuel warning light work and gives the driver information about the accurate amount of the petrol in the tank. When the level of the fuel falls, the float inside the tank moves downwards. When this condition happens, the arm also moves downwards and it make the lever touch an electrical contact. This switches on the fuel light in the car dashboard.
The red light which appears in the fuel panel of the dashboard tells the driver that he needs more petrol for his car. When he pours more petrol into the tank, this condition makes the fuel level rise and it pushes the float upwards. In return it disconnects to the electrical contact and makes the red light switch off.
Well this is the way the fuel warning light work and gives the driver information about the accurate amount of the petrol in the tank. When the level of the fuel falls, the float inside the tank moves downwards. When this condition happens, the arm also moves downwards and it make the lever touch an electrical contact. This switches on the fuel light in the car dashboard.
The red light which appears in the fuel panel of the dashboard tells the driver that he needs more petrol for his car. When he pours more petrol into the tank, this condition makes the fuel level rise and it pushes the float upwards. In return it disconnects to the electrical contact and makes the red light switch off.
Cancer
What is cancer? It
is actually a group of more than one hundred separate diseases. Most of us are
fear from cancer It is reasonable because next to heart disease, cancer is the
second leading cause of death.
Cancer cells come from normal cells because of mutations of DNA. Those mutations can occur spontaneously. The mutations may be also induced by other factors such as: nuclear and electromagnetic radiation, viruses, bacteria and fungi, parasites, heat, chemicals in the air, water and food, mechanical cell-level injury, free radicals, evolution and ageing of DNA, etc. All such factors can produce mutations that may start cancer.
Cancer cells are formed continuously in the organism. It is estimated that there are about 10,000 cancer cells at any given time in a healthy person. Why do some result in macroscopic-level cancers and some do not? First, not all damaged cells can multiply and many of them die quickly. Second, those which potentially divide and form cancer are effectively destroyed by the mechanisms available to the immune system. Therefore cancer develops if the immune system is not working properly or the amount of cells produced is too great for the immune system to eliminate
Cancer cells come from normal cells because of mutations of DNA. Those mutations can occur spontaneously. The mutations may be also induced by other factors such as: nuclear and electromagnetic radiation, viruses, bacteria and fungi, parasites, heat, chemicals in the air, water and food, mechanical cell-level injury, free radicals, evolution and ageing of DNA, etc. All such factors can produce mutations that may start cancer.
Cancer cells are formed continuously in the organism. It is estimated that there are about 10,000 cancer cells at any given time in a healthy person. Why do some result in macroscopic-level cancers and some do not? First, not all damaged cells can multiply and many of them die quickly. Second, those which potentially divide and form cancer are effectively destroyed by the mechanisms available to the immune system. Therefore cancer develops if the immune system is not working properly or the amount of cells produced is too great for the immune system to eliminate
Analitycal Expotition
Purpose: to reveal
the readers that something is the important case.
Generic Structure:
1.Thesis
2.arguments
3.conclution
Controlling children using computer
Computer and
internet are useful as well as powerful. Information about health and safe
usage of computer and Internet, especially for children, should be owned by
each family. Computer connected to internet is powerful way to socialize with
others. It can be good but also bad effect. Recently we hear a lot of children
get the advantage of social networking sites but we often see the news about
the disadvantage of it for children. Healthy and safety of computer and
Internet usage should continue to be campaigned.
The role of parent in assisting and directing children in using computer is very necessary. Installation of software monitor such as key logger which has function to watch and note all activities relating to keyboard usage is helpful but not enough to protect children from potential harms. Children tend to hide what they have done in front of the computer to their parent. They see that all of they have done are their privacy and no one may know.
We can not prevent children from using computer because it is multifunctional. However, many parents worry about what their kids do in front of the computer; whether they are doing homework or even just playing games. Or spending all time to surf internet which is the materials do not fit with his age. There is a tendency, especially teenagers, want to become acquainted with many strangers out side. The lack parental supervision of children's activities is likely to pose a potential danger to them. So parental monitor against the use of computers needs to be done from time to time.
The role of parent in assisting and directing children in using computer is very necessary. Installation of software monitor such as key logger which has function to watch and note all activities relating to keyboard usage is helpful but not enough to protect children from potential harms. Children tend to hide what they have done in front of the computer to their parent. They see that all of they have done are their privacy and no one may know.
We can not prevent children from using computer because it is multifunctional. However, many parents worry about what their kids do in front of the computer; whether they are doing homework or even just playing games. Or spending all time to surf internet which is the materials do not fit with his age. There is a tendency, especially teenagers, want to become acquainted with many strangers out side. The lack parental supervision of children's activities is likely to pose a potential danger to them. So parental monitor against the use of computers needs to be done from time to time.
The power of
music in our life
Do you agree that music is important
in our life? Yes I do, music has certain role completing our day to day
activities. Here are some reasons why music is heard everywhere and anywhere.
Music is a way to express feelings. When we fall in love, the kind of music we’d listen to would be all about love. When we’re sad, we would go for music that is melancholic in nature and immerse ourselves in the sadness. When we’re happy, we’d choose songs with happy tunes too.
Song can help to memorize the last experiences. A favorite song is a powerful documentary. People with Alzheimer which are impaired the brain would remember details about songs they were familiar with. For example, an elderly woman who couldn’t even remember her husband’s name would remember the details of her favorite song; when it was played, how it made her feel and things about the song that made it especially memorable for her.
Further, music can unite people for a cause and changes the world. A song with good lyric and striking deep chord can stimulate the universal feeling of all people. We can see it in the case of the famous and legendary Michael Jacson's Heal the World. It can arouse humanism of a lot people in this world.
So what would the world be like without music? It would be lonely.
Music is a way to express feelings. When we fall in love, the kind of music we’d listen to would be all about love. When we’re sad, we would go for music that is melancholic in nature and immerse ourselves in the sadness. When we’re happy, we’d choose songs with happy tunes too.
Song can help to memorize the last experiences. A favorite song is a powerful documentary. People with Alzheimer which are impaired the brain would remember details about songs they were familiar with. For example, an elderly woman who couldn’t even remember her husband’s name would remember the details of her favorite song; when it was played, how it made her feel and things about the song that made it especially memorable for her.
Further, music can unite people for a cause and changes the world. A song with good lyric and striking deep chord can stimulate the universal feeling of all people. We can see it in the case of the famous and legendary Michael Jacson's Heal the World. It can arouse humanism of a lot people in this world.
So what would the world be like without music? It would be lonely.
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